Read and download Casio Calculators fx-300MS Owner's Manual Page 2 online. Download free Casio user manuals, owners manuals, instructions, warranties and installation guides, etc. E-3. The contents of this manual are subject to change with-out notice.In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. Be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential. Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every two years (fx-82MS/82SX PLUS/220 PLUS), or three years (fx-85MS/300MS/350MS). A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. The Casio fx-82MS is a calculator with 240 functions, including basic and scientific functions. Its two-line display shows the calculation formula and the result at the same time. To get the most out of your Casio fx-82MS, take the time to get to know how it works, beginning with some basic functions. Important Information. The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent. The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. Be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental,.
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User's Guide
CASIO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
Unit 6, 1000 North Circular Road,
London NW2 7JD, U.K.
Removing and Replacing
the Calculator’s Cover
• Before starting ..1 Burnaboy hallelujah free mp3 download.
Holding the cover as shown in the illustration, slide the unit out of the cover.
• After you are finished ..2
Holding the cover as shown in the illustration, slide the unit out of the cover.
•Always slide the keyboard end of the unit into the cover first. Never slide the display end of the unit into the cover.
..1
..2
Safety Precautions
Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator. Keep this manual handy for later reference.
Caution
This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored.
Batteries
•After removing the battery from the calculator, put it in a safe place where it will not get into the hands of small children and accidentally swallowed.
•Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If accidentally swallowed, consult with a physician immediately.
•Never charge batteries, try to take batteries apart, or allow batteries to become shorted. Never expose batteries to direct heat or dispose of them by incineration.
•Misuse of batteries can cause them to leak and damage nearby items, and can create the risk of fire and personal injury.
•Always make sure that the battery’s positive k and negativel ends are facing correctly when you load it into the calculator.
•Remove the battery if you do not plan to use the calculator for a long time
•Use only the type of battery specified for this calculator in this manual.
Disposing of the Calculator
•Never dispose of the calculator by burning it. Doing so can cause certain components to suddenly burst, creating the risk of fire and personal injury.
•The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent.
•The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.
•In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against the use of these materials by any other party.
Handling Precautions
•Be sure to press the 5 key before using the calculator for the first time.
•Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every three years for the fx-
A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator.
•The battery that comes with this unit discharges slightly during shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement sooner than the normal expected battery life.
•Low battery power can cause memory contents to become corrupted or lost completely. Always keep written records of all important data.
•Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to temperature extremes.
Very low temperatures can cause slow display response, total failure of the display, and shortening of battery life. Also avoid leaving the calculator in direct sunlight, near a window, near a heater or anywhere else it might be exposed to very high temperatures. Heat can cause discoloration or deformation of the calculator’s case, and damage to internal circuitry.
•Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to large amounts of humidity and dust.
Take care never to leave the calculator where it might be splashed by water or exposed to large amounts of humidity or dust. Such conditions can damage internal circuitry.
•Never drop the calculator or otherwise subject it to strong impact.
•Never twist or bend the calculator.
Avoid carrying the calculator in the pocket of your trousers or other
•Never try to take the calculator apart.
•Never press the keys of the calculator with a ballpoint pen or other pointed object.
•Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator.
If the calculator becomes very dirty, wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a weak solution of water and a mild neutral household detergent. Wring out all excess moisture before wiping the calculator. Never use thinner, benzene or other volatile agents to clean the calculator. Doing so can remove printed markings and can damage the case.
The
•The upper line shows the calculation formula.
•The lower line shows the result.
A separator symbol is displayed every three digits when the integer part of the mantissa has more than three digits.
Before getting started.
kModes
Before starting a calculation, you must first enter the correct mode as indicated in the table below.
•Pressing the Fkey more than once displays additional setup screens. Setup screens are described in the sections of this manual where they are actually used to change the calculator setup.
•In this manual, the name of the mode you need to enter in order to perform the calculations being described is indicated in the main title of each section.
Note!
•To return the calculation mode and setup to the initial defaults shown below, press A B2(Mode)=.
•Mode indicators appear in the upper part of the display.
•Be sure to check the current calculation mode (SD, REG, COMP) and angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra) before beginning a calculation.
kInput Capacity
•The memory area used for calculation input can hold 79 “steps.” One step is taken up each time you press a number key or arithmetic operator key ( +,,,
•You can input up to 79 steps for a single calculation. Whenever you input the 73rd step of any calculation, the cursor changes from “_” to “k” to let you know memory is running low. If you need to input more than 79 steps, you should divide your calculation into two or more parts.
•Pressing the gkey recalls the last result obtained, which
you can use in a subsequent calculation. See “Answer Memory” for more information about using the gkey.
kMaking Corrections During Input
•Use e andr to move the cursor to the location you want.
•Press [to delete the number or function at the current cursor position.
•Press AKto change to an insert cursort. Inputting something while the insert cursor is on the display inserts the input at the insert cursor position.
•Pressing AK, or=returns to the normal cursor from the insert cursor.
kReplay Function
•Every time you perform a calculation, the replay function stores the calculation formula and its result in replay memory. Pressing the [key displays the formula and result of the calculation you last performed. Pressing[ again back steps sequentially
•Pressing the e orr key while a replay memory calculation is on the display changes to the editing screen.
•Pressing the e orr key immediately after you finish a calculation displays the editing screen for that calculation.
•Pressing tdoes not clear replay memory, so you can recall the last calculation even after you presst.
•Replay memory capacity is 128 bytes for storage of both expressions and results.
•Replay memory is cleared by any of the following actions.
When you press the 5 key
When you initialize modes and settings by pressing A B2(or3)=
When you change from one calculation mode to another When you turn off the calculator.
kError Locator
•Pressing r ore after an error occurs displays the calculation with the cursor positioned at the location where the error occurred.
A
• Example: To add 2 + 3 and then multiply the result by 4
kExponential Display Formats
This calculator can display up to 10 digits. Larger values are automatically displayed using exponential notation. In the case of decimal values, you can select between two formats that determine at what point exponential notation is used.
•To change the exponential display format, press the F key a number of times until you reach the exponential display format setup screen shown below.
F i x Sc i No r m
1 2 3
•Press 3. On the format selection screen that appears, press1 to select Norm 1 or2for Norm 2.
uNorm 1
With Norm 1, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than two decimal places.
uNorm 2
With Norm 2, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than nine decimal places.
•All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using the Norm 1 format.
kDecimal Point and Separator Symbols
You can use the display setup (Disp) screen to specify the symbols you want for the decimal point and
•To change the decimal point and separator symbol setting, press the Fkey a number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below.
D i s p
1
•Display the selection screen.
1r
•Press the number key (1 or2) that corresponds to the setting you want to use.
1(Dot): Period decimal point, comma separator
2(Comma): Comma decimal point, period separator
kInitializing the Calculator
•Perform the following key operation when you want to initialize the calculation mode and setup, and clear replay memory and variables.
AB3(All)=
kArithmetic Calculations
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform basic calculations.
•Negative values inside of calculations must be enclosed within parentheses. For details, see “Order of Operations.”
•It is not necessary to enclose a negative exponent within parentheses.
sin 2.34
•Example 1: 3 (5
3 - 5eD 9=
• Example 2: 5 (9 7)80 5
• You can skip all T operations before=.
kFraction Operations
uFraction Calculations
•Values are displayed in decimal format automatically whenever the total number of digits of a fractional value (integer + numerator + denominator + separator marks) exceeds 10.
•Results of calculations that mix fraction and decimal values are always decimal.
uDecimal↔ Fraction Conversion
•Use the operation shown below to convert calculation results between decimal values and fraction values.
•Note that conversion can take as long as two seconds to perform.
uMixed Fraction↔ Improper Fraction
Conversion
•You can use the display setup (Disp) screen to specify the display format when a fraction calculation result is greater than one.
•To change the fraction display format, press the qkey a number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below.
D i s p
1
•Display the selection screen.
1
•Press the number key (1 or2) that corresponds to the setting you want to use.
1(ab/c): Mixed fraction
2(d/c): Improper fraction
•An error occurs if you try to input a mixed fraction while the d/c display format is selected.
kPercentage Calculations
• Example 1: To calculate 12% of 1500(180)
1500
• Example 2: To calculate what percentage of 880 is 660
(75%)
660 880Av
• Example 3: To add 15% onto 2500(2875)
2500 - 15Av+
• Example 4: To discount 3500 by 25%(2625)
3500 - 25Av,
• Example 5: To discount the sum of 168, 98, and 734 by
p1 -20 Av ,
*
* As shown here, if you want to use the current Answer Memory value in a mark up or discount calculation, you need to assign the Answer Memory value into a variable and then use the variable in the mark up/discount calculation. This is because the calculation performed when v is pressed stores a result to Answer Memory before the, key is pressed.
• Example 6: If 300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing 500 grams, what is the percentage
•Example 7: What is the percentage change when a value is increased from 40 to 46? How about to 48?
(15%, 20%)
46 ,40 Av e ee e ee8 =
kDegrees, Minutes, Seconds
Calculations
•You can perform sexagesimal calculations using degrees (hours), minutes, and seconds, and convert between sexagesimal and decimal values.
•Example 1: To convert the decimal value 2.258 to a sexagesimal value and then back to a decimal value
•Example 2: To perform the following calculation: 12°34’56” 3.45
12 I34I56
kFIX, SCI, RND
•To change the settings for the number of decimal places, the number of significant digits, or the exponential display format, press the F key a number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below.
F i x Sc i No r m
1 2 3
•Press the number key (1,2, or3) that corresponds to the setup item you want to change.
3(Norm): Exponential display format
•Example 1: 200 7 14
The following performs the same calculation using the specified number of decimal places.
•Press F.. 3(Norm)1 to clear the Fix specification.
•Example 2: 1 3, displaying result with two significant digits (Sci 2)
•Press F.. 3(Norm)1 to clear the Sci specification.
Memory Calculations COMP
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform a calculation using memory.
kAnswer Memory
•Whenever you press =after inputting values or an expression, the calculated result automatically updates Answer Memory contents by storing the result.
•In addition to =, Answer Memory contents are also updated with result whenever you pressA v,|,A {, orAjfollowed by a letter (A through F, or M, X, or Y).
•You can recall Answer Memory contents by pressing g.
•Answer Memory can store up to 12 digits for the mantissa and two digits for the exponent.
•Answer Memory contents are not updated if the operation performed by any of the above key operations results in an error.
kConsecutive Calculations
•You can use the calculation result that is currently on the display (and also stored in Answer Memory) as the first value of your next calculation. Note that pressing an operator key while a result is displayed causes the displayed value to change to Ans, indicating it is the value that is currently stored in Answer Memory.
•The result of a calculation can also be used with a sub-
sequent Type A function (x2,x3,
kIndependent Memory
•Values can be input directly into memory, added to memory, or subtracted from memory. Independent memory is convenient for calculating cumulative totals.
•Independent memory uses the same memory area as variable M.
•To clear independent memory (M), input 0 A j 3 (M+).
kVariables
•There are nine variables (A through F, M, X and Y), which can be used to store data, constants, results, and other values.
•Use the following operation to delete data assigned to a particular variable: 0 A j 1. This operation deletes the data assigned to variable A.
•Perform the following key operation when you want to clear the values assigned to all of the variables.
AB1(Mcl)=
•Example: 193.2 23 8.4
193.2 286.9
193.2 Aj1 23 = p 1 28 =
COMP
Use the F key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform scientific function calculations.
•Certain types of calculations may take a long time to complete.
•Wait for the result to appear on the display before starting the next calculation.
•π = 3.14159265359
kTrigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric
Functions
•To change the default angle unit (degrees, radians, grads), press the F key a number of times until you reach the angle unit setup screen shown below.
Deg Rad Gr a
1 2 3
•Press the number key (1,2, or3) that corresponds
to the angle unit you want to use.
(90° = π radians = 100 grads)
2
•Example 1: sin 63°52 410.897859012
q..2(Rad)
AVRL2 2 T=gAx=
• Example 4: tan1 0.74136.53844577 °
q ..1(Deg)
Ag0.741=
kHyperbolic/Inverse Hyperbolic
Functions
• Example 1: sinh 3.618.28545536 M S3.6=
• Example 2:sinh 1 30 4.094622224
MAj30 =
kCommon and Natural Logarithms/
Antilogarithms
•Negative values inside of calculations must be enclosed within parentheses. For details, see “Order of Operations.”
kSquare Roots, Cube Roots, Roots,
Squares, Cubes, Reciprocals,
Factorials, Random Numbers, π, and
Permutation/Combination
•Example 8: To generate a random number between 0.000 and 0.999
(The above value is a sample only. Results differ each time.)
•Example 10: To determine how many different
• Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same
7 Am4=
•Example 11: To determine how many different
(210)
10 n 4=
kAngle Unit Conversion
• Press Avto display the following menu.
D R G
1 2 3
•Pressing 1,2, or3converts the displayed value to the corresponding angle unit.
•Example: To convert 4.25 radians to degrees
kCoordinate Conversion (Pol (x,y),
Rec (r,θ ))
•Calculation results are automatically assigned to variables E and F.
•Example 1: To convert polar coordinates (r 2, 60°) to rectangular coordinates (x,y) (Deg)
•Press 0 n to display the value ofx, or0 oto display the value ofy.
•Example 2: To convert rectangular coordinates (1,3) to polar coordinates (r, ) (Rad)
•Press 0 nto display the value ofr, or0 oto display the value of .
kEngineering Notation Calculations
• Example 1: To convert 56,088 meters to kilometers
Use the Fkey to enter the SD Mode when you want to perform statistical calculations using standard deviation.
•In the SD Mode and REG Mode, the |key operates as theSkey.
•Always start data input with AB1(Scl)=to clear statistical memory.
•Input data using the key sequence shown below.
•Input data is used to calculate values for n,Σx,Σx2,o,σn and
•Example: To calculateσn 1,σn,o,n,Σx, andΣx2 for the following data : 55, 54, 51, 55, 53, 53, 54, 52
In the SD Mode:
AB1(Scl)=(Stat clear)
55 S n =SD 1.
Each time you press Sto register your input, the number of data input up to that point is indicated on the display (n value).
54 S51S55S
53 S S54S52S
Data Input Precautions
•SS inputs the same data twice.
•You can also input multiple entries of the same data using AG. To input the data 110 ten times, for example, press 110A G10S.
•You can perform the above key operations in any order, and not necessarily that shown above.
•While inputting data or after inputting data is complete, you can use the [and]keys to scroll through data
you have input. If you input multiple entries of the same data using AGto specify the data frequency (number of data items) as described above, scrolling through data shows both the data item and a separate screen for the data frequency (Freq).
•You can then edit the displayed data, if you want. Input the new value and then press the =key to replace the old value with the new one. This also means that if you want to perform some other operation (calculation, recall of statistical calculation results, etc.), you should always press thetkey first to exit data display.
•Pressing the Skey instead of=after changing a value on the display registers the value you input as a new data item, and leaves the old value as it is.
•You can delete a data value displayed using [and] by pressingA U. Deleting a data value causes all values following it to be shifted up.
•Data values you register are normally stored in calculator memory. The message “Data Full” appears and you will not be able to input any more data if there is no memory left for data storage. If this happens, press the =key to display the screen shown below.
Ed i t OFF ESC
1 2
Press 2to exit data input without registering the value you just input.
Press 1if you want to register the value you just input, without saving it in memory. If you do this, however, you will not be able to display or edit any of the data you have input.
•To delete data you have just input, press AU.
•After inputting statistical data in the SD Mode or REG Mode, you will be unable to display or edit individual data items any longer after perform either the following operations.
Changing to another mode
Changing the regression type (Lin, Log, Exp, Pwr, Inv, Quad)
Use the Fkey to enter the REG Mode when you want to perform statistical calculations using regression.
•In the SD Mode and REG Mode, the |key operates as theSkey.
•Entering the REG Mode displays screens like the ones shown below.
L i n Log Exp
1 2 3
Pw r I nv Quad
1 2 3
•Press the number key (1,2, or3) that corresponds to the type of regression you want to use.
1(Lin) : Linear regression
2(Log) : Logarithmic regression
3(Exp) : Exponential regressionr1(Pwr) : Power regression
r2(Inv) : Inverse regressionr3(Quad) : Quadratic regression
•Always start data input with AB1(Scl)=to clear statistical memory.
•Input data using the key sequence shown below.
•The values produced by a regression calculation depend on the values input, and results can be recalled using the key operations shown in the table below.
Regression calculation other than quadratic regression
•The following table shows the key operations you should use to recall results in the case of quadratic regression.
•The values in the above tables can be used inside of expressions the same way you use variables.
uLinear Regression
•The regression formula for linear regression is: y = A + Bx.
• Example: Atmospheric Pressure vs. Temperature
Temperature at 1000 hPa = 4.642857143
1000 AXr r r 1 =
Coefficient of Determination = 0.965517241
A Xr r 3 K =EAUr 3 ,
AU3 - AX1 - AXr 1F
EAU3 ,1 F=
uLogarithmic, Exponential, Power, and Inverse
Regression
•Use the same key operations as linear regression to recall results for these types of regression.
•The following shows the regression formulas for each type of regression.
uQuadratic Regression
•The regression formula for quadratic regression is: y = A + Bx + Cx2.
•Example:
In the REG Mode:
Perform quadratic regression to determine the regression formula terms for the data nearby. Next, use the regression formula to estimate the values for n (estimated value ofy) forxi = 16 andm (estimated value ofx) foryi = 20.
r 3(Quad)
AB1(Scl)=(Stat clear)
29 P1.6S50P23.5S
74 P 38.0S103P46.4S
118 P48.0S
Data Input Precautions
•SS inputs the same data twice.
•You can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G. To input the data “20 and 30” five times, for example, press 20P30AG5S.
•The above results can be obtained in any order, and not necessarily that shown above.
•Precautions when editing data input for standard deviation also apply for regression calculations.
•Do not use variables A through F, X, or Y to store data when performing statistical calculations. These variables are used for statistical calculation temporary memory, so any data you may have assigned to them may be replaced by other values during statistical calculations.
•Entering the REG Mode and selecting a regression type (Lin, Log, Exp, Pwr, Inv, Quad) clear variables A through F, X, and Y. Changing from one regression type to another inside the REG Mode also clears these variables.
Technical Information
kWhen you have a problem..
If calculation results are not what you expect or if an error occurs, perform the following steps.
1.Press A B2(Mode)= to initialize all modes and settings.
2.Check the formula you are working with to confirm it is correct.
3.Enter the correct mode and try performing the calculation again.
If the above steps do not correct the problem, press the 5key. The calculator performs a
kError Messages
The calculator is locked up while an error message is on the display. Press tto clear the error, or presseorr to display the calculation and correct the problem. See “Error Locator” for details.
Math ERROR
•Causes
•Calculation result is outside the allowable calculation range.
•An attempt to perform a function calculation using a value that exceeds the allowable input range.
•An attempt to perform an illogical operation (division by zero, etc.)
•Action
•Check your input values and make sure they are all within the allowable ranges. Pay special attention to values in any memory areas you are using.
Stack ERROR
•Cause
•The capacity of the numeric stack or operator stack is exceeded.
•Action
•Simplify the calculation. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the operator stack has 24 levels.
•Divide your calculation into two or more separate parts.
Syntax ERROR
•Cause
•An attempt to perform an illegal mathematical operation.
•Action
•Press eorrto display the calculation with the cursor located at the location of the error and make required corrections.
Arg ERROR
•Cause
•Improper use of an argument
•Action
•Press eorrto display the location of the cause of the error and make required corrections.
kOrder of Operations
Calculations are performed in the following order of precedence.
1Coordinate transformation: Pol (x,y), Rec (r,θ )2Type A functions:
With these functions, the value is entered and then the function key is pressed.
x3,x2,x 1,x!, ° ’ ”m,m1,m2,n
Angle unit conversions (DRG')3Powers and roots:^ (xy),x
4ab/c
5Abbreviated multiplication format in front of π,e (natu-
ral logarithm base), memory name, or variable name: 2π, 3e, 5A,πA, etc.
6Type B functions:
With these functions, the function key is pressed and
then the value is entered.
,3 , log, In,ex, 10x, sin, cos, tan, sin1, cos1, tan1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh1, cosh1, tanh1, ( )
7Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type B functions: 23, Alog2, etc.
8Permutation and combination: nPr,nCr
9,
0 ,
•Operations of the same precedence are performed from right to left. exIn120 →ex{In(120)}
•Other operations are performed from left to right.
•Operations enclosed in parentheses are performed first.
•When a calculation contains an argument that is a negative number, the negative number must be enclosed within parentheses. The negative sign
Example: (
kStacks
This calculator uses memory areas, called “stacks,” to temporarily store values (numeric stack) and commands (command stack) according to their precedence during calculations. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels. A stack error (Stack ERROR) occurs whenever you try to perform a calculation that is so complex that the capacity of a stack is exceeded.
• Example:
1 2 3 4 5
•Calculations are performed in sequence according to “Order of Operations.” Commands and values are deleted from the stack as the calculation is performed.
kInput Ranges
Internal digits: 12
Accuracy*: As a rule, accuracy is ±1 at the 10th digit.
tanhx 0x 9.999999999 1099
logx/lnx 0x 9.999999999 1099
0 n 1 1010, 0r n (n,r are integers)
nCr
1
Pol(x, y) x ,y 9.999999999 1049
(x2+y2) 9.999999999 1099
Rec(r, ) 0r 9.999999999 1099
θ: Same as sinx
a , b, c1 10100
°’ ” 0 b, c
x 1 10100
Decimal ↔ Sexagesimal Conversions 0°0°0° x 999999°59°
*For a single calculation, calculation error is ±1 at the
10th digit. (In the case of exponential display, calculation error is ±1 at the last significant digit.) Errors are cumulative in the case of consecutive calculations, which can also cause them to become large. (This is also true of internal consecutive calculations that are performed
in the case of ^(xy),x y ,x!,3 ,nPr,nCr, etc.)
In the vicinity of a function’s singular point and point of inflection, errors are cumulative and may become large.
Power Supply
The type of battery you should use depends on the model number of your calculator.
The TWO WAY POWER system actually has two power supplies: a solar cell and a G13 Type (LR44) button battery. Normally, calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can operate only when relatively bright light is present. The TWO WAY POWER system, however, lets you continue to use the calculator as long as there is enough light to read the display.
• Replacing the Battery
Either of the following symptoms indicates battery power is low, and that the battery should be replaced.
•Display figures are dim and difficult to read in areas where there is little light available.
•Nothing appears on the display when you press the 5 key.
u To replace the battery
4 Replace the back cover and
secure it in place with the six screws.
5 Press5 to turn power on. Be sure not to skip this step.
This calculator is powered by single G13 Type (LR44) button battery.
• Replacing the Battery
Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures become dim.
• To replace the battery
5 Replace the battery cover and secure it in place with the screw.
6 Press5to turn power on.
This calculator is powered by a single
• Replacing the Battery
Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures become dim.
• To replace the battery
5 Replace the back cover and secure it in place with the six screws.
6 Press5 to turn power on.
Auto Power Off
Calculator power automatically turns off if you do not perform any operation for about six minutes. When this happens, press 5 to turn power back on.
Specifications
Power Supply:
Single G13 Type button battery (LR44)
Solar cell and a single G13 Type button battery (LR44)
Battery Life:
Approximately 2 years when left with power turned off.
Approximately 9,000 hours continuous display of flashing cursor.
Approximately 3 years when left with power turned off.
Approximately 3 years (1 hour use per day).
Dimensions:
12.2 (H) 85 (W) 155 (D) mm 1/2 (H) 33/8 (W) 61/8 (D)
Weight:
100 g (3.5 oz) including battery
Power Consumption: 0.0002 W
Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.
CA Files for fx-991W
Size:Download
User’s Guide Guía del usuario Mode d’emploi
Bedienungsanleitung Guida dell’utilizzatore
ENGLISH
Removing and Replacing
the Calculator’s Cover
• To Remove the cover
Grasp the top of the cover, and slide the unit out from the bottom.
• To Replace the cover
Grasp the top of the cover, and slide the unit in from the bottom.
Always slide the unit into the cover with the unit’s display end first. Never slide the keyboard end of the unit into the cover.
Safety Precautions
Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator. Keep this manual handy for later reference.
Caution
This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored.
Batteries
•After removing the batteries from the calculator, put them in a safe place where there is no danger of them getting into the hands of small children and accidently swallowed.
•Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If accidently swallowed, consult with a physician immediately.
•Never charge batteries, try to take batteries apart, or allow batteries to become shorted. Never expose batteries to direct heat or dispose of them by incineration.
•Misuse of batteries can cause them to leak acid that can cause damage to nearby items and creates the possibility of fire and personal injury.
•Always make sure that a battery’s positive k and negativel sides are facing correctly when you load it into the calculator.
•Remove the batteries if you do not plan to use the calculator for a long time.
•Use only the type of batteries specified for this calculator in this manual.
Disposing of the Calculator
•Never dispose of the calculator by burning it. Doing so can cause certain components to suddenly burst, creating the danger of fire and personal injury.
•The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent.
•The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.
•In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against the use of these materials by any other party.
Handling Precautions
•Be sure to press the P button on the back of the calculator (step 6on page 35 or 36) before using it for the first time (
•Be sure to press the 5key before using the calculator for the first time
•Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every three years for the
Dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave the dead battery in the calculator.
•The battery that comes with the calculator when you purchase it is for testing only. It may not provide full service life.
•Low battery power can cause memory contents to become corrupted or lost completely. Always keep written records of all important data.
•Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to temperature extremes.
Very low temperatures can cause slow display response, total failure of the display, and shortening of battery life. Also avoid leaving the calculator in direct sunlight, near a window, near a heater or anywhere else it might become exposed to very high temperatures. Heat can cause discoloration or deformation of the calculator’s case, and damage to internal circuitry.
•Avoid use and storage in areas subjected to large amounts of humidity and dust.
Take care never to leave the calculator where it might be splashed by water or exposed to large amounts of humidity or dust. Such elements can damage internal circuitry.
•Never drop the calculator or otherwise subject it to strong impact.
•Never twist or bend the calculator.
Avoid carrying the calculator in the pocket of your trousers or other
•Never try to take the calculator apart.
•Never press the keys of the calculator with a
•Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the unit.
If the calculator becomes very dirty, wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a weak solution of water and a mild neutral household detergent. Wring out all excess moisture before wiping the calculator. Never use thinner, benzine or other volatile agents to clean the calculator. Doing so can remove printed markings and damage the case.
You can simultaneously check the calculation formula and its answer.
The first line displays the calculation formula. The second line displays the answer.
Key Layout
<
<
Before Starting Calculations.
kModes
Note!
•Mode indicators appear in the lower part of the display, except for the
•The ENG mode cannot be selected while the calculator is in the CMPLX or
•You cannot set the angle unit or the display mode while the calculator is in the
•The COMP, CMPLX, SD, and REG modes can be used in combination with the angle unit modes.
•Be sure to check the current calculation mode (SD, REG, COMP, CMPLX) and angle unit mode (DEG, RAD, GRA) before beginning a calculation.
kInput Capacity
•The memory area used for calculation input can hold 79 “steps.” Whenever you input the 73rd step of any calculation, the cursor changes from “_” to “k” to let you know memory is running low. If you still need to input more, you should divide your calculation into two or more parts.
kMaking Corrections During Input
•Use e andr to move the cursor to the location you want.
•Press [ to delete the number or function at the current cursor position.
•Press AK to change to an insert cursort. Inputting something while the insert cursor is on the display inserts the input at the insert cursor position.
•Press e,r,AK, or= returns to the normal cursor from the insert cursor.
kReplay Function
•Pressing r ore recalls the last calculation you performed. You can then make any changes you want in the calculation and
•Pressing t does not clear Replay memory, so you can recall the last calculation even after you presst.
•Replay memory is cleared whenever you start a new calculation, change to another mode, or turn off power.
kError Locator
•Pressing r ore after an error occurs displays the calculation with the cursor positioned at the location where the error occurred.
kExponential Display Formats
This calculator can display up to 10 digits. Larger values are automatically displayed using exponential notation. In the case of decimal values, you can select between two formats that determine at what point exponential notation is used. Press F FF F3 1(or2) to select NORM 1 or NORM 2.
• NORM 1
With NORM 1, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than two decimal places.
• NORM 2
With NORM 2, exponential notation is automatically used for integer values with more than 10 digits and decimal values with more than nine decimal places.
•All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using the NORM 1 format.
kAnswer Memory
•Whenever you press =after inputting values or an expression, the calculated result is automatically stored in
Answer Memory. You can recall Answer Memory contents by pressing g.
•Answer Memory can store up to 12 digits for the mantissa and two digits for the exponent.
•Answer Memory contents are not changed if the operation performed by any of the above key operations results in an error.
Basic Calculations
•Use the COMP mode for basic calculations.
•Example 1: 3 (5
Memory Calculations
kIndependent Memory
•Values can be input directly into memory, added to memory, or subtracted from memory. Independent memory is convenient for calculating cumulative totals.
•Independent memory uses the same memory area as variable M.
•To clear independent memory (M), input 0j3.
•Example:
kVariables
•There are nine variables (A through F, M, X and Y), which can be used to store data, constants, results, and other values.
•Use the following operation to delete data assigned to all nine variables: AC=.
•Use the following operation to delete data assigned to a particular variable: 0 j 1. This operation deletes the data assigned to variable A.
Fraction Calculations
kFraction Calculations
•Use the COMP mode for fraction calculations.
•Values are automatically displayed in decimal format whenever the total number of digits of a fractional value (integer numerator denominator separator marks) exceeds 10.
•Example 1: 23 1 45
2 C3+1C 4C 5= 2 715.
• Fraction/decimal calculation results are always decimal.
C 12.00
Percentage Calculations
•Use the COMP mode for percentage calculations.
•Example 1: To calculate 12% of 1500
• Example 2: To calculate what percentage of 880 is 660
•Example 5: If 300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing 500 grams, what is the percentage increase in weight?
•Example 6: If temperature changes from 40°C to 46°C, what percentage did it rise?
46 40
40
100 15 (%)
Scientific Function Calculations
•Use the COMP mode for scientific function calculations.
•= 3.14159265359
kTrigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric
Functions
• Example 1: sin63°52 41
qqq 1→“ R ”
S63 I52I 41I=
•Example 2: cos ( π3 rad)
qqq 2→“ T ”
WR Ax 3 T=
qq q2→“ T ”
WAVRL2 2 T=
g Ax=
• Example 4: tan10.741
qqq1 →“ R ”
Ag0.741=
0.89785901200
R
0.500
T
0.78539816300
T
0.2500
36.5384457700
R
kHyperbolic/Inverse Hyperbolic
Functions
• Example 1:sinh 3.6
M S3.6 = 18.2854553600
• Example 2:sinh 1 30
MA j30 = 4.09462222400
kAngle Unit Conversion
• Press Av to display the following menu.
D R G
1 2 3
•Pressing 1,2, or3 converts the displayed value to the corresponding angle unit.
•Example : To convert 4.25 radians to degrees
kCommon and Natural Logarithms/
Antilogarithms
kSquare Roots, Cube Roots, Roots,
Squares, Cubes, Reciprocals,
Factorials, Random Numbers and π
• Example 1:2 3 5
L2 +L3
• Example 2:3 5 3 27
AD5 +ADD 27 =
•Example 8: To generate a random number between 0.000 and 0.999
kFIX, SCI, RND
• Example 1: 200 7 14 400
Performing the same calculation using the specified number of decimal places
•Press FFFF 31to clear FIX specification.
•Example 2: 1 3, displaying result with two significant digits (SCI 2)
• Press FFFF31 to clear SCI specification.
kENG Calculations
• Example 1: To convert 56,088 meters to kilometers
56088 =J 56.08803
• Example 2: To convert 0.08125 grams to milligrams
kInputting ENG Calculation Symbols
•F F F F F 1 enters the ENG mode in which ENG symbols can be used in calculations.
•To exit the ENG mode, press FFF FF2.
•The following are the nine ENG symbols that can be used in ENG mode calculations.
*For displayed values, the calculator selects the ENG symbol that makes the numeric part of the value fall within the range of 1 to 1000.
*ENG symbols cannot be used when inputting fractions.
*The ENG mode cannot be used in combination with the CMPLX, or
•Performing any of the key operations in the above table while you are not in the ENG mode inputs the exponential value in the “Unit” column (without inputting the ENG symbol).
•Example: 9 10 = 0.9 m (milli)
In the ENG mode, even standard
kCoordinate Conversion (Pol(x,y), Rec (r,θ))
•Calculation results are automatically assigned to variables E and F.
•Example 1: To convert polar coordinates (r 2, 60°) to rectangular coordinates (x,y) (DEG mode)
•0 n,0 o swaps displayed value with value in memory.
•Example 2: To convert rectangular coordinates (1,3) to polar coordinates (r, ) (RAD mode)
θ0o 1.047197551
•0 n,0 o swaps displayed value with value in memory.
kPermutation
•Example: To determine how many different
•Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same
kCombination
•Example: To determine how many different
Statistical Calculations
kStandard Deviation (SD Mode)
•Press F F 1 to enter the SD Mode for statistical calculations using standard deviation.
•Data input always starts with Am=to clear statistical memory.
•Input data is used to calculate values for n,Σx,Σx2,o,σn and
•Example: To calculateσn 1,σn,o,n, Σx, and Σx2 for the following data : 55, 54, 51, 55, 53, 53, 54, 52
Enter SD Mode F F 1
A m= (Memory Clear)
55 S54S 51S 55S
53 SS 54S 52S 52.00
SD
Data Input Precautions
•S Sinputs the same data twice.
•You can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G. To input the data 110 ten times, for example, press 110A G10S.
•The above results can be obtained in any order, and not necessarily that shown above.
•To delete data you have just input, press A U.
kProbability Distribution Calculations
• Press A Dto produce the screen shown below.
P ( Q( R( →t
1 2 3 4
•Input a value from 1 to4 to select the probability distribution calculation you want to perform.
•Example : Using the
53 A D4 (→t) =
A D1 ( P( )
kRegression Calculations (REG Mode)
•Press F F 2 to enter the REG mode and then se-
lect one of the following regression types. 1: Linear regression
2: Logarithmic regression
3: Exponential regressionr1: Power regression
r2: Inverse regressionr3: Quadratic regression
•Data input always starts with A m= to clear statistical memory.
•The values produced by a regression calculation depend on the values input, and results can be recalled using the key operations shown in the table below.
• Linear Regression
The regression formula for linear regression is: y A Bx.
• Example: Atmospheric Pressure vs. Temperature
•Quadratic Regression
•The regression formula for quadratic regression is: y = A + Bx +Cx2.
•Input data using the following key sequence.
•Example:
Perform quadratic regression to determine the regression formula terms and correlation coefficient for the data nearby. Next, use the regression formula to estimate the values for yˆ (estimated value ofy) forxi = 16 andˆx (estimated value ofx) foryi = 20.
Enter REG mode (Quadratic regression)
F F 2 r 3
A m=
Data Input Precautions
•SS inputs the same data twice.
•You can also input multiple entries of the same data using A G. To input the data “20 and 30” five times, for
example, press 20 P 30A G 5S.
•The above results can be obtained in any order, and not necessarily that shown above.
•To delete data you have just input, press A U.
Complex Number Calculations
(CMPLX Mode)
•Press F 2to enter the CMPLX Mode for calculations that include complex numbers.
•You can use variables A, B, C and M only. Variables D, E, F, X, and Y are used for storage of the imaginary parts of values and so cannot be used by you.
kAbsolute Value/Argument Calculation
•The procedure described below can be used to determine the absolute value (Abs) and argument (arg) for a complex number of the format Z = a +bi, which is presumed to exist as coordinates on a Gaussian plane.
•Example: To obtain the absolute value (r) and argument (θ) for the complex number 3 + 4i, when DEG is set for the angle unit mode
Imaginary number axis
Real number axis
Determine the absolute value.
Formula Memory
•Formula memory lets you input a single formula in memory, and then input values for the formula's variables to calculate results.
•Memory can hold a single formula, up to 79 steps long. This function can be used in the COMP or CMPLX mode only.
•Note that the formula is actually stored in memory when you press the Ckey in the sequence below.
•Example: To save the following formula, recall it, and then use it to calculate a result: Y = X2 + 3X – 12
Input the formula.
•Formula memory is cleared whenever you start a new calculation, change to another mode, or turn off power.
Metric Conversions
Casio Scientific Calculator Fx-82ms User Manual
•A total of 20 different conversion pairs are
•See the Conversion Pair Table on page 26 for a complete list of available conversion pairs.
•Example: To convert 31 inches to centimeters
31 A c CONV
CONV 1
01
01 is the
31 i n cm
0.
31 i n cm
= 78.74
• Conversion Pair Table
Based on ISO Standard (1992) data and CODATA Bulletin 63 (1986) data.
Scientific Constants
•A total of 40
•Simply input the number that corresponds to the scientific constant you want to look up and it appears instantly on the display.
•See the Scientific Constant Table on pages 27 and 28 for a complete list of available constants.
•Example: To determine how much total energy a person weighing 65kg has (E = mc2)
65 L CONST
CONST28
28
28 is the “speed of light in vacuum” constant number.
65Co
![]()
0.
65Co 2
= 5.84190866218
• Scientific Constant Table
Based on ISO Standard (1992) data and CODATA Bulletin 63 (1986) data.
•In addition to decimal values, calculations can be performed using binary, octal and hexadecimal values.
•You can specify the default number system to be applied to all input and displayed values, and the number system for individual values you input.
•You cannot use scientific functions in binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal calculations.You cannot input values that include decimal part and an exponent.
•If you input a value that includes a decimal part, the unit automatically cuts off the decimal part.
•Negative binary, octal, and hexadecimal values are produced by taking the two's complement.
•You can use the following logical operators between values in
•The following are the allowable ranges for each of the available number systems.
•Example 1: To perform the following calculation and produce a binary result:
•Example 2: To perform the following calculation and produce an octal result:
•Example 3: To perform the following calculation and produce a hexadecimal result:
Integration Calculations
•The following four inputs are required for integration calculations: a function with the variable x;a andb, which define the integration range of the definite integral; andn, which is the number of partitions (equivalent to N = 2n) for integration using Simpson’s rule.
d expressionPa P b Pn T
•Use the COMP mode for integration calculations.
5
• Example: To calculate:∫1 (2x2 + 3x + 8)dx d 2p xK +3px+
= 150.6666667
Note!
•You can specify an integer in the range of 1 to 9 as the number of partitions, or you can skip input of the number of partitions entirely, of you want.
•Internal integration calculations may take considerable time to complete.
•Display contents are cleared while an integration calculation is being performed internally.
Degrees, Minutes, Seconds
Calculations
•You can perform sexagesimal calculations using degrees (hours), minutes, and seconds, and convert between sexagesimal and decimal values.
•Example 1: To convert the decimal value 2.258 to a sexagesimal value
2.258
2°15°28.8
•Example 2: To perform the following calculation: 12°34’56” 3.45
= 43°24°31.2
Technical Information
kWhen you have a problem..
If calculation results are not what you expect or if an error occurs, perform the following steps.
1.F 1 (COMP mode)
2.F F F 1 (DEG mode)
3.F F F F 3 1 (NORM 1 mode)
4.Check the formula you are working with to confirm it is correct.
5.Enter the correct modes to perform the calculation and try again.
<
If the above steps do not correct your problem, press the P button (see page 35 or 36) on the back of the calculator to reset it. Pressing the P button deletes all data stored in calculator memory. Make sure you always keep written copies of all important data.
<
If the above steps do not correct the problem, press the 5key.The calculator performs a
kError Messages
The calculator is locked up while an error message is on the display. Press t to clear the error, or presseorr to display the calculation and correct the problem. See “Error Locator” on page 10 for details.
Ma ERROR
•Cause
•Calculation result is outside the allowable calculation range.
•Attempt to perform a function calculation using a value that exceeds the allowable input range.
•Attempt to perform an illogical operation (division by zero, etc.).
•Action
•Check your input values and make sure they are all within the allowable ranges. Pay special attention to values in any memory areas you are using.
Stk ERROR
•Cause
•Capacity of the numeric stack or operator stack is exceeded.
•Action
•Simplify the calculation. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the operator stack has 24 levels.
•Divide your calculation into two or more separate parts.
Syn ERROR
•Cause
•Attempt to perform an illegal mathematical operation.
•Action
•Press e orr to display the calculation with the cursor located at the location of the error. Make necessary corrections.
Arg ERROR
•Cause
•Improper use of argument
•Action
•Press eorrto display the location of the cause of the error and make required corrections.
kOrder of Operations
Calculations are performed in the following order of precedence.
1Coordinate transformation: Pol (x,y), Rec (r,θ) Integrations:∫dx
2Type A functions:
With these functions, the value is entered and then the
function key is pressed. x2,x 1,x!,°’ ”
3Powers and roots: xy,x
4ab/c
5Abbreviated multiplication format in front of π, memory name, or variable name: 2π, 5A,πA etc.
6Type B functions:
With these functions, the function key is pressed and then the value is entered.
,3 , log, In,ex, 10x, sin, cos, tan, sin1, cos1, tan1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh1, cosh1, tanh1, ( )
7Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type B functions: 23, Alog2 etc.
8Permutation and combination: nPr,nCr
9,
0 ,
* Operations of the same precedence are performed from right to left. exIn120 →ex{In(120)}
Other operations are performed from left to right.
* Operations enclosed in parentheses are performed first.
kStacks
This calculator uses memory areas, called “stacks,” to temporarily store values (numeric stack) and commands (command stack) according to their precedence during calculations.The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels. A stack error (Stk ERROR) occurs whenever you try to perform a calculation that is so complex that the capacity of a stack is exceeded.
kPower Supply
The type of battery you should use depends on the model number of your calculator.
<
The TWO WAY POWER system actually has two power supplies: a solar cell and a G13 Type (LR44) button battery. Normally, calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can operate only when relatively bright light is present. The TWO WAY POWER system, however, lets you continue to use the calculator as long as there is enough light to read the display.
•Replacing the Battery
Either of the following symptoms indicates battery power is low, and that the battery should be replaced.
•Display figures are dim and difficult to read in areas where there is little light available.
•Nothing appears on the display when you press the 5 key.
•To replace the battery
1 Remove the six screws that
hold the back cover in place
and then remove the back Screw Screw cover.
2 Remove the old battery.
3 Wipe off the sides of new battery with a dry, soft cloth. Load it into the unit with the positivek side facing up (so you can see it).
4 Replace the back cover and secure it in place with the six screws.
5Press 5to turn power on. Be sure not to skip this step.
<
This calculator is powered by single G13 Type (LR44) button battery.
•Replacing the Battery
Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures become dim.
•To replace the battery
1Press ito turn power off.
2Remove the two screws that hold the battery cover in place and then remove the battery cover.
3Remove the old battery.
4Wipe off the side of new battery with a dry, soft cloth. Load it into the unit with the positive k side facing up (so you can see it).
5Replace the battery cover and secure it in place with the two screws.
6Use a thin, pointed object to press the P button. Be sure not to skip this step.
7Press Lto turn power on.
<
This calculator is powered by single
•Replacing the Battery
Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures become dim.
•To replace the battery
1Press ito turn power off.
2Remove the six screws
7 PressLto turn power on.
• Auto Power Off
Calculator power automatically turns off if you do not perform any operation for about six minutes. When this happens, press
kInput Ranges
Internal digits: 12
Accuracy: As a rule, accuracy is±1 at the 10th digit.
*Erros are cumulative with such internal continuous calculations as xy,x,x!, and3 x , so accuracy may be adversely affected.
Specifications
Power Supply:
Solar cell and a single G13 Type button battery (LR44)
Battery Life:
Approximately 2 years when left with power turned off.
Approximately 3 years when left with power turned off.
Approximately 3 years (1 hour use per day).
Dimensions:
10(H) 76(W) 150(D) mm 3/8 (H) 3 (W) 57/8 (D)
Weight:
Power Consumption: 0.0001W
Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 40°C (32°F ~ 104°F)
Casio Fx 82ms User Manual 2017
CASIO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
Unit 6, 1000 North Circular Road,
Casio Fx 82ms Scientific Calculator User Guide
London NW2 7JD, U.K.
Casio Calculator Fx-82ms User Guide
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.
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